目錄
  • 英語(yǔ)四級(jí)考試真題卷及答案
  • chef和chief
  • 20196月英語(yǔ)四級(jí)考試真題
  • 四級(jí)閱讀真題
  • 歷年四級(jí)真題電子版

    • 英語(yǔ)四級(jí)考試真題卷及答案

    1解釋現(xiàn)象型

    解釋現(xiàn)象型作文一般要求考生根據(jù)考試提綱引出某種現(xiàn)象，然后分析現(xiàn)象產(chǎn)生的原因，闡述其影響，并給出合理的建議。此類作文在歷年真題中所占比例較大，是練習(xí)的重點(diǎn)之一。

    1. 寫作提綱

    (1) 描述現(xiàn)象

    (2) 闡述現(xiàn)象產(chǎn)生的原因，給出支持者或反對(duì)者的觀點(diǎn)

    (3) 提出建議或總結(jié)觀點(diǎn)

    2. 歷年考題

    2010.12 My View on University Ranking

    2009.12 Should Parents Send Their Kids to Art Classes?

    2008.06 Will E-books Replace Traditional Books?

    2007.12 The Digital Age

    2006.12(新) The Importance of Reading Classics2006.12The Celebration of WesternFestivals

    3. 模擬演練

    The Influence of Computer on the Movie Industry

    (1) 電腦和互聯(lián)網(wǎng)給電影產(chǎn)業(yè)帶來(lái)多種影響

    (2) 闡釋各種影響及原因

    (3) 我的看法

    專家支招

    這是一個(gè)解釋現(xiàn)象型的題目，探討了電腦和互伏消聯(lián)網(wǎng)對(duì)于電影產(chǎn)配悔業(yè)的影響，寫作時(shí)應(yīng)當(dāng)圍繞提綱進(jìn)行構(gòu)思：① 第一段簡(jiǎn)要說(shuō)明這一現(xiàn)象，第二段闡釋各種影響及其原因，第三段提出自己的看法。② 寫作時(shí)注意語(yǔ)言做到準(zhǔn)確流暢，可以適當(dāng)應(yīng)用復(fù)合句，使文章銜接更加自然。

    名師點(diǎn)評(píng)

    The Influence of Computer on the Movie Industry

    The movie industry is quite different from what it was before. It has become ① even moreso with the aid of computers. Computers and the Internet have made many influences on themovie industry. ② These, however, come down to the following aspects.

    First, the development of computer graphics has enabled the movies to have more terrific ③visual effects. The digital technology can create vivid images ④ out of thin air. And the 3Dpicture is another breakthrough of visual enjoyment. Second, the development of personalcomputers and the Internet has made it easier to download piratical movies, thus the box officeof movies will be impacted. However, it can also help promote movies by the wide spread offilm reviews and comments.

    In my opinion, the further development of computer and the Internet may make morechanges to the movie industry. There may be more technologies to bring us ⑤ multi-dimensional enjoyments. Maybe one day we can have totally immersive impressions of movieswith the help of computer.

    Analysis

    ① even more so用于強(qiáng)調(diào)當(dāng)前的情況更加嚴(yán)重，可以用于提出話題培廳正。

    ② come down to表示“歸結(jié)為”。

    ③ visual effects意為“視覺(jué)效果”，是高分表達(dá)。

    ④ out of thin air表示“無(wú)中生有”，屬于固定搭配。

    ⑤ multi-dimensional意為“多維的”，可以用于有多方面意義或多角度討論的話題。

    舉一反三

    1. Computers and the Internet have made many influences on the movie industry.

    a. Computers and the Internet have influenced the movie industry a lot.

    b. Computers and the Internet have great effects on the movie industry.

    2. However, it can also help promote movies by the wide spread of film reviews andcomments.

    a. However, it can also increase the fame of movies by the wide spread of film reviews andcomments.

    b. However, it can also contribute to the promotion of movies by the wide spread of filmreviews and comments.

    二、解決問(wèn)題型

    解決問(wèn)題型作文，要求考生根據(jù)考試題目中所反映或提到的問(wèn)題，提出解決問(wèn)題的方案或應(yīng)對(duì)措施。此類作文重在考查學(xué)生解決問(wèn)題的能力，因此寫作時(shí)一定要具體詳細(xì)地說(shuō)明解決問(wèn)題的方法。

    1. 寫作提綱

    (1) 闡述問(wèn)題

    (2) 描述原因

    (3) 給出解決途徑

    2. 歷年考題

    2008.12 How to Improve Students’ Mental Health?

    3. 模擬演練

    How to Prevent Drink Driving From Happening?

    (1) 酒后駕駛已經(jīng)成為危害公共安全的重要因素

    (2) 如何最大限度地防止此類問(wèn)題的發(fā)生

    (3) 我的觀點(diǎn)

    專家支招

    本文對(duì)于酒后駕駛這一社會(huì)熱點(diǎn)問(wèn)題進(jìn)行了探討，主要討論如何防止此類問(wèn)題的發(fā)生，是一篇需要提出解決方案的論說(shuō)文，寫作時(shí)應(yīng)圍繞提綱進(jìn)行構(gòu)思：① 第一段提出酒后駕駛現(xiàn)象及其危害，第二段提出自己的解決方案，第三段總結(jié)自己的想法。② 寫作時(shí)應(yīng)當(dāng)注意措辭準(zhǔn)確、結(jié)構(gòu)條理、正確使用銜接句。

    How to Prevent Drink Driving From Happening?

    Recently, there have been tremendous reports on accidents caused by drink driving andcontroversial sentences of criminals. ①The miserable tragedies have demonstrated that drinkdriving has become a serious problem harmful to the public security. ②Therefore, somethingmust be done to prevent such things from happening.

    ③ First of all, corresponding laws and regulations should be made to clarify the definitionand penalties of drink driving, so that the fear of punishment may pull drivers away fromalcohol. Secondly, the administrations and media should actively promote the modification ofso-called ④ “wine culture” to avoid compelled drinking, in order that the drivers may say “no”to the toast proposals. Last but not least, the inspections and monitors of the government andthe society should be reinforced to immediately identify drunk drivers and prevent driversfrom drinking.

    In conclusion, it is the responsibility of everybody to reduce drink driving to the minimum. ⑤ Only when the problem is efficiently controlled can we live more safely and comfortably.

    Analysis

    ① demonstrate常用于闡明現(xiàn)象，引出主旨。

    ② 提出觀點(diǎn)，something must be done也可以用we should take measures代替。

    ③ 提出建議。corresponding laws and regulations, pull...away from均適用于解決問(wèn)題類作文。用alcohol指代飲酒以避免重復(fù)。

    ④ wine culture“酒文化”，有中國(guó)特色的固定表達(dá)。

    ⑤ Only位于句首時(shí)主句采用部分倒裝語(yǔ)序，注意從句采用正常語(yǔ)序。

    舉一反三

    Recently, there have been tremendous reports on accidents caused by drink driving andcontroversial sentences of criminals.

    a. Recently, it has been tremendously reported that there are lots of accidents caused bydrink driving and controversial sentences of criminals.

    b. Recently, many reports are released on accidents caused by drink driving andcontroversial sentences of criminals.

    chef和chief

    那個(gè)主要還是經(jīng)常練習(xí)才是，聽(tīng)的多了，也就習(xí)慣了轎碧世，那樣做起題來(lái)就快了，還有就是詞匯量要好，然后呢，就是選好正確的做題方法，該答題的時(shí)候答，該聽(tīng)的時(shí)候聽(tīng)，在發(fā)試卷的同閉肢時(shí)慧游，最好可以預(yù)覽一下題目。

    20196月英語(yǔ)四級(jí)考試真題

    一、聽(tīng)力理解（35%，共249分）；

    二、閱讀理解（35%，共249分）；

    三、綜合測(cè)試（15%，共106分）；

    四、寫作（15%，共106分）；

    其中，聽(tīng)力理解分為四小題，一、短對(duì)話；二、長(zhǎng)對(duì)話；（都是選擇題）（共10%），三森物、短文理解:選擇題 四、復(fù)合聽(tīng)純爛寫（共20%）

    閱讀理解分為三小部分，一、快速閱讀（10%）（是非+句子填空或其他），二、仔細(xì)閱讀，（25%）包括“篇章閱讀理解”：選擇題，“詞匯理解”：選詞填空

    三、綜合測(cè)試包括：（一）、完型填空或改錯(cuò)：選擇題或改錯(cuò)（5%）；篇章回答或句子翻譯：簡(jiǎn)短回答或中譯英（10%）

    單詞的用法考的比較少，單詞量有些要求，不然你會(huì)發(fā)現(xiàn)很多生詞。四級(jí)就快考了，單純背單詞提高不了多少，做些題提高速度還是很有用的。

    給此褲液你一些記憶單詞方法

    四級(jí)詞匯總量分析

    大學(xué)英語(yǔ)教學(xué)大綱規(guī)定四級(jí)考試對(duì)詞匯的要求是記憶4200個(gè)單詞以及由這些詞構(gòu)成的常用詞組。根據(jù)研究分析大學(xué)英語(yǔ)四級(jí)考試歷次真題，我們將四級(jí)詞匯分為核心詞匯(查看核心詞匯)和非核心詞匯。

    核心詞匯是歷次大學(xué)英語(yǔ)四級(jí)考試試題中出現(xiàn)頻率較高的詞和詞匯考查重點(diǎn)，以及本身帶有詞組較多的詞和多與其他詞類搭配的詞，有特殊用法的詞，考生可能不太熟悉的詞。非核心詞匯包括中學(xué)階段可能已經(jīng)掌握的詞，只有一個(gè)意思，且僅表示某一名稱的詞和專有名詞，因?yàn)檫@些詞除非在閱讀理解中外，一般不會(huì)被設(shè)計(jì)成詞匯試題。大綱要求的常用詞組(查看詞組和搭配)經(jīng)過(guò)統(tǒng)計(jì)，共有1617條，這些詞組往往是考查的重點(diǎn)，它們要么出現(xiàn)在詞匯試題中，要么出現(xiàn)在完形填空中，應(yīng)該是記憶的重點(diǎn)。

    ? 記憶方法

    1. 黑白循環(huán)記憶法

    黑白循環(huán)記憶法的核心意義是通過(guò)對(duì)大綱規(guī)定的詞匯進(jìn)行分類，找出記憶重點(diǎn)，排除非核心詞匯的干擾，通過(guò)對(duì)不同級(jí)別單詞的先后記憶，最終達(dá)到全部掌握單詞的目的。

    本記憶法規(guī)定，如果考生對(duì)某一單詞能說(shuō)出它的所有漢語(yǔ)意思和用法，那么本單詞對(duì)他來(lái)說(shuō)就是白詞。如果能說(shuō)出它的部分意思，就把它定義為灰詞；如果不能夠說(shuō)出它的任何意思和用法，就把它定義為黑詞。

    記憶的順序是先記憶灰詞，將全部灰詞轉(zhuǎn)化為白詞。消滅了灰詞后，就開(kāi)始記憶黑詞，經(jīng)過(guò)一段時(shí)間的記憶，一部分黑詞就可能轉(zhuǎn)化為白詞，另一部分變成了灰詞。在以后的記憶中，黑詞不斷地變?yōu)榛以~,灰詞不斷地變成白詞，最終所有詞匯都變成白詞。這是第一層面上的循環(huán)。

    另一個(gè)層次上的循環(huán)是，在記憶灰詞和黑詞時(shí)，可以將單詞按一定的標(biāo)準(zhǔn)分組，規(guī)定第一天記憶第一組，第二天記憶第二組，第三天記憶第三組，復(fù)習(xí)第一組，第四天記第四組復(fù)習(xí)第二組，依次循環(huán)，達(dá)到邊記憶邊復(fù)習(xí)的目的。

    這種單詞記憶的好處是學(xué)習(xí)者始終知道自己的學(xué)習(xí)任務(wù)和學(xué)習(xí)效果。

    有關(guān)黑白詞匯的記憶的具體方法，大家可以參看我們的《大學(xué)英語(yǔ)詞匯黑白記憶法》一書(shū)。

    2． 詞根、詞綴記憶法

    黑白循環(huán)記憶法解決的是四級(jí)詞匯的宏觀記憶方法，而詞根詞綴記憶法解決的是詞匯微觀記憶問(wèn)題。它的特點(diǎn)是充分利用單詞的構(gòu)詞規(guī)律，通過(guò)掌握一組單詞的共同詞根或詞綴，達(dá)到成串記憶單詞的目的。比如知道able，abil的意思是capable能，就可以知道able，enable，unable，ability，capable等都是和能力和才干有關(guān)系的；如果知道act=to do，to drive做,干,驅(qū)動(dòng)那么記憶act,action，actor，actress，active，activity，activate，actual，exact，reactor，interact，transaction等就非常簡(jiǎn)單了。知道了part=to separate的意思是分離,分開(kāi)更可以記住一長(zhǎng)串單詞: parcel，park，partly，partial, partner, party, participate, participant，particle, particular，apart，apartment，department，compartment，depart，part，partition。類似的詞根還有很多。在這里我們僅舉幾例，有關(guān)大學(xué)英語(yǔ)的詞根、詞綴記憶的方法，大家可以參看我們的《大學(xué)英語(yǔ)詞匯詞根、詞綴記憶法》一書(shū)。advan=forward在前,向前；add=to，put to加上；aer=air,space空氣，天空，太空；ag=to do，to move，to conduct做，攪動(dòng)，引導(dǎo)；alter= to change改變；ampl=large，spacious寬，大；ann，enn=year年；art=skill技藝；cur(e)，sur(e)-=care操心，關(guān)注,安全，照看，醫(yī)治；dic，dit=to speak講，說(shuō)；form，forma=，format=shape，figure形成，模式。

    除了詞根以外，英語(yǔ)單詞當(dāng)中還有很多詞綴(包括前綴，后綴)，這些前綴和后綴在單詞當(dāng)中出現(xiàn)得非常頻繁。記住了這些單詞的前綴和后綴再加上詞根的幫助，可以充分利用單詞之間的形式和意義聯(lián)系，對(duì)大量的詞匯進(jìn)行模糊記憶：只要知道某個(gè)單詞中包含有某個(gè)認(rèn)識(shí)的詞根或詞綴，就可以大致知道該詞的大致意義或詞性，從而大大提高閱讀理解能力。相應(yīng)地，在做詞匯題或閱讀理解中的上下文中詞匯題時(shí)，也能根據(jù)詞根、詞綴做出正確的判斷。

    3．全息記憶法

    所謂的全息記憶法就是利用單詞的有效記憶原理之一的“意群記憶原理”來(lái)記憶單詞。記憶科學(xué)研究證明，如果單個(gè)記憶單詞既累又不能長(zhǎng)時(shí)間地鞏固。只要將單詞按一定的意義聯(lián)系組合起來(lái)記憶，效果會(huì)大大地提高。全息記憶法可以按馬克思主義原理對(duì)于物質(zhì)的分類方法把四級(jí)大綱上的詞匯分成“物質(zhì)世界”，“人類社會(huì)”和“科學(xué)思維”三個(gè)大類?！拔镔|(zhì)世界”又可細(xì)分為“無(wú)生命物質(zhì)”和“有生命物質(zhì)”。“無(wú)生命物質(zhì)”可以包含物質(zhì)的最小成分(atom，particle)到宇宙大空間(universe，solar，lunar)；“有生命物質(zhì)”可以包括構(gòu)成生命的最小單位基因(protein，gen，cell,)，低級(jí)的水生生物(fish，shellfish)到爬行動(dòng)物(reptile，insect)再到飛行動(dòng)物(bird)，哺乳動(dòng)物(mammal)，猿(monkey)和人(human being)。在“人類社會(huì)”這一概念下的上層建筑就可以包含皇家(royalty，dynasty，dictator)，貴族(nobleman，landlord)，政府(government，official，administrate)，選舉(election,vote),立法(congress, assembly，legislative)，動(dòng)蕩(disorder，uprising，revolution)，警察(police，officer)，監(jiān)獄(gail，prison)，武裝(army, armed forces)，戰(zhàn)爭(zhēng)(war，weapon，surrender，defeat，victory)，和平(peace，treaty)。以上所列舉的都是按一定的名詞概念進(jìn)行的分類，在實(shí)際操作中只要是和這些概念和意義有關(guān)的名詞，動(dòng)詞及其短語(yǔ)，形容詞和副詞等都可以一并記憶。

    這種記憶方法的優(yōu)點(diǎn)在于學(xué)習(xí)者可以隨時(shí)隨地根據(jù)某一信息聯(lián)想記憶單詞。比如：一個(gè)人騎車走在街上就可以聯(lián)想到bicycle，truck，car，vehicle，bus，traffic (jam，light)，rush hours，highway，freeway，zebra lines，cement，sidewalk，underpass，fine，road，passenger，shops，fence等詞。又如：我們到醫(yī)院能想到hospital，doctor，nurse，ward，medicine，cure，treatment，injection，illness，clinic，等等。

    本記憶法的另一個(gè)優(yōu)點(diǎn)是，能突出一些常見(jiàn)單詞的不常用的意義，因?yàn)槎嗔x詞的不同意思可能被歸入不同的意群當(dāng)中。比如：resource可以歸入三個(gè)意群當(dāng)中，它與substance，natured等放在一起表示"物質(zhì)資源"；與method，approach放在一起表示“辦法”；與with放在一起表示“智謀”和“應(yīng)變之才”。

    4．聯(lián)想法坦率地講，只要有利于單詞的記憶，大家可以想盡一切辦法來(lái)記憶，有時(shí)，甚至可以忽略它們有無(wú)科學(xué)道理。下面我們就向大家再介紹幾種有效的詞匯記憶方法，供參考。同學(xué)們也可以在學(xué)習(xí)單詞當(dāng)中，自己有意識(shí)地總結(jié),探索出對(duì)自己來(lái)說(shuō)行之有效的單詞記憶方法。但是，一旦你找到了好的方法，請(qǐng)一定不要忘記了和大家一起分享。

    1）基本義聯(lián)想法

    這種方法利用多義單詞的意義擴(kuò)展規(guī)律，首先抓住單詞最基本的意思，然后根據(jù)其他詞義與基本義的聯(lián)系來(lái)輕松地記憶單詞。比如：我們知道immediate(ly)的基本意思是“中間沒(méi)有間隔地”就可以較容易地記住它的三個(gè)意思：1) (時(shí)間)立刻；2)(空間)緊挨，緊接，緊跟；3) (關(guān)系)直接。

    2）形義聯(lián)想法

    這種方法的做法是找出單詞之間形狀和意義的共同特點(diǎn)，利用他們的共同特點(diǎn)展開(kāi)記憶。比如我們對(duì)ball，ballet，balloon，ballot，bullet等幾個(gè)詞就可以做這樣的聯(lián)想記憶，即他們都和球有著意義是上的聯(lián)系：balloon是體積較大的氣球，ballot是用來(lái)投票的紙球，bullet是體積較小的金屬球。再比如：brace(支柱，支架)，bracket(托架，括號(hào)) brake(閘，剎車)，branch(分叉，樹(shù)枝)等幾個(gè)詞當(dāng)中都包含了br，而它像張開(kāi)兩手向前作"抱"的姿勢(shì)。這幾個(gè)單詞的漢語(yǔ)意思當(dāng)中也都包含一個(gè)，抱或托的形象。

    Adamant :Adam+ant都是堅(jiān)定 poignant同義詞sharp，pungent

    aristocrat: Aristotle/~tic/cy; gentle/nobleman

    3） 諧音聯(lián)想法（參考書(shū)：張雪松《奇思妙想記單詞——大學(xué)英語(yǔ)六級(jí)詞匯》）

    Ambulance: 俺不能死啊，快叫救護(hù)車！ sue 起訴

    chef: 師傅； 廚師（長(zhǎng)） char：雜務(wù)，打雜

    Freshman: 大一學(xué)生 要服貼，如礙事就施加點(diǎn)蠻力。

    Sophomore:大二學(xué)生 掃去了浮躁的惡毛病。

    Junior: 大三學(xué)生 開(kāi)始注意你的學(xué)業(yè)。

    Senior: 大四學(xué)生 噻！你馬上就要畢業(yè)了！

    Abase: 降低(身份) 額娘彈貝司是降低身份。

    Abash： 使羞愧/困窘 惡人向我拜師使我羞愧。

    Abate： 減少，減輕 減少金額之事要背著他。

    Abhor: 憎惡，厭惡 我痛恨惡霸這號(hào)人。

    Collision： 沖突沖撞 有沖突可離開(kāi)忍讓。

    revere： 尊敬 如果是一位老爺爺我就會(huì)尊敬他。

    4）趣味造句法

    此方法是用一個(gè)有趣的句子將一組詞串起來(lái)。比如baby, bachelor，bad，bacon，badly，bacteria, balance等幾個(gè)詞在拼寫和意義上都沒(méi)有什么聯(lián)系，我們可以通過(guò)一個(gè)例子將它們貫穿。A bachelor without a baby lost his balance and fell ill badly because he has some bad bacon with bacteria，and was awarded a badge。一個(gè)沒(méi)有孩子的單身漢身子失去了平衡，結(jié)果病得很厲害，因?yàn)樗粤艘恍Ь难猓⒈皇谟枰幻秳渍隆?/p>

    這個(gè)句子荒誕離奇，但卻巧妙地將所有地連在一起，而且它還體現(xiàn)了各個(gè)單詞的用法，由于單詞大多以同一個(gè)字母開(kāi)頭，因此具有音韻的效果，讀起來(lái)朗朗上口。

    5）巧用單詞之間的共同成分，由熟悉的單詞記憶新單詞。

    如：由east我們可以擴(kuò)展記憶beast(野獸),feast(盛宴)，yeast(硝母)；由obtain(獲得)，contain(包含)，maintain(維持)，sustain(支持)，retain(保留)。

    6）分割記憶聯(lián)想

    本方法就是把一個(gè)單詞分成幾個(gè)單詞或部分，利用它們之間的意義進(jìn)行聯(lián)想從而達(dá)到形象記憶的效果。比如,charisma (領(lǐng)導(dǎo)人的超凡魅力)可以這樣拆分記憶：cha可以看作China，ris，ma可以看作是rise，Mao連起來(lái)就是China rises Mao。(中國(guó)升起了毛澤東)------作為領(lǐng)袖，毛澤東具有超凡的魅力。

    5．口訣記憶法

    口訣一：

    rim: 邊緣 brim: 邊緣

    grim: 恐怖的 trim: 修剪整齊

    prim: 呆板的 prose: 單調(diào)、散文

    plight: 困境 pray: 祈禱

    只有rim是邊緣，

    前面加b意義不變，前面加鬼（g）真恐怖，

    前面加t才修剪整齊，前面加p真呆板，

    撲（p）到玫瑰（rose）前真單調(diào)，

    撲（p）滅燈光陷入困境，

    撲在光前來(lái)祈禱。

    [擴(kuò)展] 看到g想成“鬼”，看到p想成“撲”

    口訣二：

    blemish:污點(diǎn)

    blot:骯臟，污點(diǎn)

    blight:枯萎

    blast:爆炸

    blame:責(zé)備

    布萊迷失是污點(diǎn)，

    雖然不多但也挺臟，

    見(jiàn)不到光就枯萎，不持續(xù)就爆炸，

    炸瘸了腿別怪我。

    [解釋] “布萊”想成英國(guó)首相“布萊爾”

    [擴(kuò)展]見(jiàn)到b想成“不”

    6．視聽(tīng)結(jié)合法 購(gòu)買配有CD或磁帶的單詞書(shū)，邊聽(tīng)邊看（理論根據(jù)：聽(tīng)覺(jué)/視覺(jué)/綜合記憶型）

    7．幽默小故事記憶法（參考書(shū)：邱勇《詞匯哈哈鏡——趣記GRE8000詞》）

    諸葛亮發(fā)明連發(fā)弓箭

    諸葛把法律reenact（再制定）

    還發(fā)明一些artifact（人工制品）

    給后世帶來(lái)impact（影響）

    蘇州大街

    外貌看似daft（愚笨的）

    用刺繡的craft（手藝）

    刺出憲法draft（草稿）

    賈政教訓(xùn)賈寶玉

    把讀書(shū)propagate（宣傳）

    寶玉卻divagate（離題）

    打探起agate（瑪瑙）

    茶花女的最后時(shí)刻

    雖然表情craggy（冷峻的）

    但人已經(jīng)scraggy（瘦得皮包骨體）

    手中茶花flaggy（枯萎的）

    ?英語(yǔ)構(gòu)詞法

    ? 復(fù)合compound：trustworthy; spot-light

    ? 派生affixation:詞根:bio-生物, dur=堅(jiān)持, preci=price, aero=air dict言: edict, indict, verdict, predict, dictate

    前綴: dis-, de-, anti-,non-,mono-,mis-,inter-,后綴: -ation,-ness,-ful,-less,-ity,-ist,-ism,-ish

    ? 融合blending: brunch; motel; heliport; paratroops; mocamp; cheeseburger; workfare; medicare; mediaid

    ? 轉(zhuǎn)化conversion: love; daily; final

    ? 還原back-formation: babysitter->babysit; chain-smoker ->chain-smoke

    ? 簡(jiǎn)略shortening: ad; exam; phone; prof.; lab

    ? 首字母縮略acronyms: cc. cf. c/o UN laser: Lightwave amplification by stimulated emission of radiation

    四級(jí)閱讀真題

    一定要進(jìn)行真題模擬，給你找了一套，看看水平如何

    Part II Reading Comprehension (Skimming and Scanning)(15 minutes)

    Directions: In this part, you will have 15 minutes to go over the passage quickly and answer the questions on Answer Sheet 1. For questions 1-7, choose the best answer from the four choices marked A), B), C) and D). For questions 8-10, complete the sen-tences with the information given in the passage.

    British Cuisine: the Best of Old and New

    British cuisine (烹飪) has come of age in recent years as chefs (廚師) combine the best of old and new.

    Why does British food have a reputation for being so bad? Because it is bad! Those are not the most encouraging words to hear just before eating lunch at one of Hong Kong's smartest British restaurants, Alfie's by KEE, but head chef Neil Tomes has more to say.

    "The past 15 years or so have been a noticeable period of improvement for food in England," the English chef says, citing the trend in British cuisine for better ingredients, preparation and cooking methods, and more appealing presentation. Chefs such as Delia Smith, Nigel Slater, Jamie Oliver and Gordon Ramsay made the public realise that cooking - and eating - didn't have to be a boring thing. And now, most of the British public is familiar even with the extremes of Heston BlumenthaPs molecular gastronomy, a form of cooking that employs scientific methods to create the perfect dish.

    "It's no longer the case that the common man in England is embarrassed to show he knows about food," Tomes says.

    There was plenty of room for improvement. The problems with the nation's cuisine can be traced back to the Second World War. Before the War, much of Britain's food was imported and when German U-boats began attacking ships bringing food to the country, Britain went on rations (配給).

    "As rationing came to an end in the 1950s, technology picked up and was used to mass-produce food," Tomes says. "And by then people were just happy to have a decent quantity of food in their kitchens."

    They weren't looking for cured meats, organic produce or beautiful presentation; they were looking for whatever they could get their hands on, and this prioritisation of quantity over quality prevailed for decades, meaning a generation was brought up with food that couldn't compete with neighbouring France, Italy, Belgium or Spain.

    Before star chefs such as Oliver began making cooking fashionable, it was hard to find a restaurant in London that was open after 9pm. But in recent years the capital's culinary (烹飪的) scene has developed to the point that it is now confident of its ability to please the tastes of any international visitor.

    With the opening of Alfie's in April, and others such as The Pawn, two years ago, modern British food has made its way to Hong Kong. "With British food, I think that Hong Kong restaurants are keeping up," says David Tamlyn, the Welsh executive chef at The Pawn in Wan Chai. "Hong Kong diners are extremely responsive to new ideas or presentations, which is good news for new dishes."

    Chefs agree that diners in Hong Kong are embracing the modern British trend. Some restau-rants are modifying the recipes (菜譜) of British dishes to breathe new life into the classics, while others are using better quality ingredients but remaining true to British traditions and tastes.

    Tamlyn is in the second camp. "We select our food very particularly. We use US beef, New Zealand lamb and for our custards (牛奶蛋糊) we use Bird's Custard Powder," Tamlyn says. "Some restaurants go for custard made fresh with eggs, sugar and cream, but British custard is different, and we stay true to that."

    Matthew Hill, senior manager at the two-year-old SoHo restaurant Yorkshire Pudding, also uses better ingredients as a means of improving dishes. "There are a lot of existing perceptions about British food and so we can't alter these too much. We're a traditional British restaurant so there are some staples (主菜) that will remain essentially unchanged."

    These traditional dishes include fish and chips, steak and kidney pie and large pieces of roasted meats. At Alfie's, the newest of the British restaurants in town and perhaps the most gentlemen's club-like in design, Neil Tomes explains his passion for provenance (原產(chǎn)地). "Britain has started to become really proud of the food it's producing. It has excellent organic farms, beautifully crafted cheeses, high-quality meats."

    However, the British don't have a history of exporting their foodstuffs, which makes it difficult for restaurants in Hong Kong to source authentic ingredients.

    "We can get a lot of our ingredients once a week from the UK," Tamlyn explains. "But there is also pressure to buy local and save on food miles, which means we take our vegetables from the local markets, and there are a lot that work well with British staples."

    The Phoenix, in Mid-Levels, offers the widest interpretation of "British cuisine", while still trying to maintain its soul. The gastro-pub has existed in various locations in Hong Kong since 2002. Singaporean head chef Tommy Teh Kum Chai offers daily specials on a blackboard, rather than sticking to a menu. This enables him to reinterpret British cuisine depending on what is avail-able in the local markets.

    "We use a lot of ingredients that people wouldn't perhaps associate as British, but are pre-sented in a British way. Bell peppers stuffed with couscous, alongside ratatouille, is a very popular dish."

    Although the ingredients may not strike diners as being traditional, they can be found in dishes across Britain.

    Even the traditional chefs are aware of the need to adapt to local tastes and customs, while maintaining the Britishness of their cuisine.

    At Yorkshire Pudding, Hill says that his staff asks diners whether they would like to share their meals. Small dishes, shared meals and "mixing it up" is not something commonly done in Britain, but Yorkshire Pudding will bring full dishes to the table and offer individual plates for each diner. "That way, people still get the presentation of the dishes as they were designed, but can carve them up however they like," Hill says.

    This practice is also popular at The Pawn, although largely for rotisseries (烤肉館), Tamlyn says. "Some tables will arrive on a Sunday, order a whole chicken and a shoulder of lamb or a baby pig, and just stay for hours enjoying everything we bring out for them."

    Some British traditions are too sacred (神圣的) to mess with, however, Tomes says. "I'd never change a full English breakfast."

    注意：此部分試題請(qǐng)?jiān)诖痤}卡1上作答。

    1. What is British food generally known for?

    A)Its unique flavour.C) Its special cooking methods.

    B)Its bad taste.D) Its organic ingredients.

    2. The Second World War led to________ in Britain.

    A) an inadequate supply of foodC) an increase in food import

    B)a decrease of grain production D) a change in people's eating habits

    3.Why couldn't Britain compete with some of its neighbouring countries in terms of food in the post-war decades?

    A)Its food lacked variety. C) It was short of well-trained chefs.

    B)Its people cared more for quantity.D) It didn't have flavourful food ingredients.

    4.With culinary improvement in recent years, London's restaurants are now able to appeal to the tastes of.

    A)most young peopleC) all kinds of overseas visitors

    B)elderly British diners D) upper-class customers

    5. What do Hong Kong diners welcome, according to Welsh executive chef David Tamlyn?

    A) Authentic classic cuisine.C) New ideas and presentations.

    B)Locally produced ingredients. D) The return of home-style dishes.

    6. While using quality ingredients, David Tamlyn insists that the dishes should________ .

    A)benefit people's healthC) be offered at reasonable prices

    B)look beautiful and inviting D) maintain British traditional tastes

    7. Why does Neil Tomes say he loves food ingredients from Britain?

    A)They appeal to people from all over the world.

    B)They are produced on excellent organic farms.

    C)They are processed in a scientific way.

    D)They come in a great variety.

    8. Tamlyn says that besides importing ingredients from Britain once a week, his restaurant also buys vegetables from _______.

    9.The Phoenix in Mid-Levels may not use British ingredients, but presents its dishes ______.

    10.Yorkshire Pudding is a restaurant which will bring full dishes to the table but offer plates to those diners who would like to _______.

    忘了給你講了，其實(shí)因?yàn)榛卮鹱謹(jǐn)?shù)有限制，只能給你一套經(jīng)典閱讀題，不過(guò)還有什么疑惑盡管向我問(wèn)，我會(huì)給你解答的。外面的大道理誰(shuí)都懂，真學(xué)要的還是鉆研題目

    歷年四級(jí)真題電子版

    結(jié)合我自己的經(jīng)驗(yàn)說(shuō)說(shuō)吧：

    我是靠聽(tīng)原題提高羨伍扮的。最開(kāi)始復(fù)習(xí)的一個(gè)月每天幾乎都用了一個(gè)小時(shí)左右的時(shí)間聽(tīng)原題的聽(tīng)力，不光是做題，最主要的是把自己錯(cuò)的，沒(méi)聽(tīng)懂卻猜對(duì)的小題聽(tīng)三遍，把題目跟問(wèn)題都寫下來(lái)。對(duì)于后面的短文則是不管對(duì)錯(cuò)都聽(tīng)三遍，寫下來(lái)，第四遍看聽(tīng)力原文聽(tīng)一次，然后修改。在這么扎扎實(shí)實(shí)做了四套題后，停了一個(gè)禮拜，這個(gè)禮拜主要是總結(jié)前面自己出錯(cuò)的地方，以及經(jīng)常出現(xiàn)的短語(yǔ)，記住，到了后面，從第五套題起，自測(cè)分?jǐn)?shù)一次橘旅比一次高，到最后那套題，也就是離我考試那次時(shí)間最近的一套題我聽(tīng)力打了17分。當(dāng)然，后來(lái)那幾套題的短兄灶文部分我沒(méi)有全部聽(tīng)寫了，只是聽(tīng)那些錯(cuò)的多的短文。

    這是個(gè)很笨的辦法，但很有用，而且確實(shí)可以提高英語(yǔ)聽(tīng)力水平，只要能堅(jiān)持下去，會(huì)有提高的。尤其是對(duì)我這樣基礎(chǔ)很差的人，聽(tīng)多了，寫多了，語(yǔ)感好了，其他部分也上去了。

    另外，如果喜歡，平時(shí)可以聽(tīng)聽(tīng)《瘋狂英語(yǔ)》，是雜志類型的，雙月刊，里面都是些時(shí)文，電影什么的，發(fā)音比較有特色，聽(tīng)這些才真正感覺(jué)英語(yǔ)是種“語(yǔ)言”，現(xiàn)在聽(tīng)聽(tīng)力感覺(jué)那聲音沒(méi)什么感情，象機(jī)器一樣僵硬，如果有興趣可以買來(lái)聽(tīng)聽(tīng)，權(quán)當(dāng)休閑吧。

    堅(jiān)持下去吧，沒(méi)錯(cuò)的！

    祝你成功！

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